Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Uther Pendragon and the Motif of Decapitation - A New Identity for Arthur's Father?

Beheading of Denis and of his companions, Eleutherius and Rusticus; tympanum of the north portal of the Basilica of St Denis.


"neu vi a ledeis cant pen,"
"it was I who cut off a hundred heads,"

Line 18, MARWNAT VTHYR PEN

In past and more recent articles, I've discussed in some detail a very strange motif that seems present in the personage of Uther Pendragon: that of ritual decapitation.  John Koch has suggested the 'talking head' of the Uther elegy may have originally be the god Bran.  I offered an alternative; namely, that the head in question belonged to Urien of Rheged.  The elegy itself mentions the taking a trophy heads in battle (see the quoted line above).  And when Geoffrey of Monmouth tells Uther's story, he places him at two sites in Cornwall sacred to St. Denis, as well as at St. Albans.  Both of these saints suffered decapitation as the form of their martyrdom.  Uther may also have been associated in legend with St. Nechtan, another cephalophore.  

To be honest, I had not the slightest idea what was going on here.  Until I read more about St. Denis of Tintagel and Domellick, that is:


My readers will notice that Denis had two companions who suffered the same form of martyrdom with him.  One of them was named Eleutherius.

Why did this seem to be an important fact to me?  Because Eleutherius is both the name of a pope at the time of Lucius Artorius Castus, and a Dark Age Eleutherius of York is said in a corrupt Welsh TRIAD to be the father of one ARTHUR PENUCHEL, ARTHUR THE OVERLORD.

I covered this Arthur and his father Eleutherius in some detail.  Most of this material may be found collected here:


What I asked myself was simply this: was Uther placed at two St. Denis sites in Cornwall because his real name was Eleutherius (see Uther's military activity at York in THE HISTORY OF THE KINGS OF BRITAIN)?  And because he bore this name he was wrongly or fancifully identified with the saint of the same name, the companion of Denis?

I long ago dispensed with Eleutherius as the Terrible Chief-warrior (or Chief of warriors) because the chronology was off.  But I also pointed out that an Eleutherius at York might well be a sort of honorific name or even title, representing a cultic memory of Constantine the Great at that city.  Constantine was referred to as the Liberator, and that is the meaning of the Greek name Eleutherius.  Lucius Artorius Castus was stationed at York when he was dux and de facto governor.  

I'd be the first to say that this may all be in my imagination.  But if so, I'm otherwise unable to account for the manifest motif of decapitation in the Uther story.






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