Breeze's Article on the Etymology of the Irthing River Place-Name

River Irthing Below the Birdoswald Roman Fort

Supplying this for my readers, who have requested it a number of times...

Breeze, Andrew, Celts, bears, and the River Irthing

Archaeologia Aeliana Series 5

Volume 34

Pages 152 - 153

2005

https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archiveDS/archiveDownload?t=arch-3433-1/dissemination/AAseries5/AA534typeset/archael534-151-153-notes.pdf

I have also suggested the Ceidio son of Arthwys, my candidate for the historical Arthur of the 5th-6th centuries, may have left his name in the Irthing Valley region: 

https://mistshadows.blogspot.com/2020/01/ceidio-son-of-arthwys-and-powcady.html

Arthwys (earlier *Artenses) is an eponym designating the 'People of the Bear' who lived along the River Irthing:

https://mistshadows.blogspot.com/2019/04/the-bear-cult-of-romansub-roman-cumbria.html